Dear Authors,
The Financial and Economic Review (FER) is a peer-reviewed journal that welcomes first-published articles, preferably from the areas of social sciences, including economics, finance in a broad sense (credit institutions, insurance and capital market issues), management sciences, as well as their neighbouring disciplines. The categories of manuscripts for publication include: studies, essays, feature articles, book reviews, conference reports. The publication takes place in Hungarian and English simultaneously. Once a year a volume of selected papers in Chinese is also published.
1. Steps of publication
1.1. Prior to submission, please consult with our editorial recommendations (2) and legal terms and conditions (3).
1.2. English manuscripts shall be submitted to the Editors (FER) electronically.
1.3. Our e-mail address: szemle@hitelintezetiszemle.hu.
1.4. Decisions on accepting the manuscripts for peer-review are made on the quarterly held Editorial Board’s meetings. Authors will subsequently be informed on the decision in electronic form.
1.5. Manuscripts are assessed by double-blind review (for more detail, please see the Guidelines for Reviewers). Each submission is assigned to a minimum of two external and independent peer reviewers who cannot be members of the Editorial Board.
1.6. After receiving the peer-reviewers' opinions, the Authors revise their paper as necessary. The material revised by the Authors and the response letters are submitted to the peer-reviewers.
1.7. The Financial and Economic Review adheres to strict ethical publishing standards. All submitted manuscripts are screened for originality using plagiarism detection software. The journal follows COPE (Committee on Publication Ethics) guidelines and the principles of transparency and best practice for scholarly publications.
1.8. Decision on publishing the peer-reviewed and finalised manuscript are made by the Editorial Board. After the proofreading process the selected manuscripts are published in English in the Financial and Economic Review, and simultaneously in Hungarian in the Hitelintézeti Szemle. It is sufficient to submit the articles to be published in one of the languages. The Publisher of FER bears the cost of the translation.
1.9. The Editorial Board decides on the publication of the submitted feature articles, book reviews and conference reports. Articles intended for these columns may be published after editorial consultation and proofreader editing.
1.10. Prior to publication, a final, edited version of the manuscript will be sent to the Authors for final checking and approval. Once approved by the Authors, the paper can be subsequently modified only in the event of a clear error, by separately indicating the modification on the subpage of the article.
2. Editorial rules
2.1. Changes to Authorship: To maintain the integrity of publishing process and ensure clear accountability, the FER applies the following rules regarding authorship. Authors are strongly advised to ensure the correct author group, the Corresponding Author, and the order of authors at the time of submission.
Post-Acceptance Policy: Changes of authorship by adding or deleting authors, and/or changes in the Corresponding Author, and/or changes in the sequence of authors are not accepted after the acceptance of manuscript. In case of misspelling of the author's name, the editorial board may decide.
Revision Stage: Adding and/or deleting authors at the revision stage is generally not permitted. In exceptional cases, reasons for such changes must be explained, and approval is at the discretion of the Editor-in-Charge.
Accuracy: Please note that author names will be published exactly as they appear on the accepted submission. Authors must ensure that names are correctly spelled and that addresses and affiliations are current.
2.2. One author must be designated as the Corresponding Author, who acts on behalf of all co-authors and ensures that questions related to the accuracy or integrity of any part of the work are appropriately addressed. The Corresponding Author is responsible for the following requirements:
a) Co-author Approval: Ensuring that all listed authors have approved the manuscript before submission, including the final list and order of authors.
b) Communication Management: Managing all correspondence between the Journal and all co-authors before and after publication. The task of managing communication during submission and proofing may be delegated to a Contact or Submitting Author; in such cases, the Corresponding Author must still be clearly indicated in the manuscript.
c) Transparency of Material: Providing transparency on the re-use of material and disclosing any unpublished material (e.g., manuscripts in press) in the cover letter to the Editor-in-Charge.
d) Compliance and Declarations: Ensuring that all necessary disclosures, declarations, and data transparency statements from all authors are included in the manuscript.
2.3. Declarations and Ethical Standards: At the time of submission, authors must include a ‘Declarations’ section before the References. To ensure objectivity and transparency, this section must address the following points using the standard phrases provided:
a) Funding: List all organisations that provided financial support for the research. If none, state: “The authors did not receive support from any organisation for the submitted work.”
b) Competing Interests: Disclose any potential financial or non-financial interests. If none, use the standard phrase: “The authors have no competing interests to declare that are relevant to the content of this article.”
c) Author Contributions: Specify individual contributions using the Contributor Roles Taxonomy (CRediT). Authors must use initials.
Example: Conceptualisation: A.B., C.D.; Methodology: A.B.; Formal Analysis: E.F.; Writing – Original Draft: A.B.; Writing – Review & Editing: C.D., E.F. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.
d) Data Availability: Provide a statement regarding the availability of research data and custom code (e.g., Stata, R, or Python scripts) used to generate the results presented in the manuscript.
Public repository: "The data and code that support the findings of this study are available in [Repository Name] at [URL/DOI]."
Available upon request: "The data and code that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request."
Proprietary or Confidential data: “The data used in this study are proprietary or confidential and cannot be shared due to legal or ethical restrictions.”
Third-party data (Restrictions apply): "The data used in this study were obtained from [Source Name]. Restrictions apply to the availability of these data, which were used under license for the current study."
No new data generated: "Data sharing is not applicable to this article as no new datasets were generated or analysed during the current study."
e) Informed Consent: For research involving human participants, authors must confirm that informed consent was obtained and name the approving ethics committee.
f) AI Use: If an AI tool was used for generating content, its use must be documented in the Methods section of the manuscript. Use of AI tools for "AI-assisted copy editing" (improving readability, style, or grammar) does not need to be declared. AI-assisted copy editing is defined as improvements to human-generated texts for clarity and error correction but does not include generative editorial work or autonomous content creation.
2.4. Submission of Declarations and Author Contributions Form: To supplement the in-text declarations (see 2.3.) the FER requires submission of formal ‘’Declarations and Author Contributions Form” alongside with the manuscript. This separate form serves as an official validation of authorship and research integrity, ensuring compliance with international COPE and Web of Science standards.
Consistency: The information provided in the manuscript’s ‘Declarations’ section must be identical to the data provided in this form.
Accountability: By submitting this form, the Corresponding Author confirms that the author list is correct, the collective responsibility for the integrity of the research, the approval of the final manuscript by all authors, the full disclosure of any conflicts of interest or funding sources, and that all individual contributions (CRediT) have been accurately represented.
Single Authors: For manuscripts with a single author, the author is expected to confirm their total accountability for the entire research process by ticking all relevant categories in the form.
Co-authored Papers: Each author must have at least one contribution. The roles should accurately reflect the division of labour.
2.5. Additional Authorship Policies:
ORCID ID: Authors are recommended to use their ORCID ID when submitting an article for consideration or acquire an ORCID ID via the submission process to ensure proper author identification.
Deceased or Incapacitated Authors: For cases in which a co-author dies or is incapacitated during the writing, submission, or peer-review process, the co-authors should obtain approval from a (legal) representative to include the author’s name in publication.
Authorship Issues or Disputes: In case of authorship dispute during peer-review or after acceptance and publication, the FER will not investigate or adjudicate. Authors will be asked to resolve the dispute themselves, or in the event of the death of one of the authors, with the heirs. If they are unable, the FER reserves the right to withdraw the manuscript from the editorial process, in the case of published paper, raise the issue with the authors’ institutions.
2.6. Competing Interests
Obligation to Disclose: Authors must disclose any financial or non-financial interests that could reasonably be perceived as influencing the submitted work. Reporting includes research grants, employment, or financial holdings (such as stocks or patents) from organisations that may gain or lose financially through the publication.
Reporting Period: Interests within the last 3 years of conducting the research and preparing the work for submission must be reported. Any significant interests outside this timeframe must also be disclosed if relevant.
Editorial Submissions: If an author is an Editor or Editorial Board Member, they must declare this in the competing interests section of the manuscript.
Format of Statement: If no competing interests exist, the authors must include the following statement: "The authors have no competing interests to declare that are relevant to the content of this article."
Documentation: The Corresponding Author should be prepared to provide documentation for these standards if requested by the Editors during peer-review.
2.7. Confidentiality: Authors shall treat all communication with the FER as confidential. This includes correspondence with direct representatives from the Journal, such as Editor-in-Chief, Editor-in-Charge and/or Editors, and reviewers’ reports, unless explicit consent has been received to share information.
2.8. A fundamental requirement for all contributions is correct grammar and language use in British English. The average length of the studies is 1 sheet (40,000 characters including spaces). A maximum ±50 per cent deviation is accepted. The average length of the essays is 35,000 characters with spaces, with a maximum deviation of ± 25 per cent. The recommended length for feature articles is between 20,000 and 30,000 characters. The recommended length for book reviews and conference reports is 7,500–15,000 characters, with a maximum of 28,000 characters for a more detailed report of a major international conference (to be agreed in advance). Authors are requested to use a brief (up to seven words), concise, expressive and awareness-raising title, possibly to avoid questions in it. Papers (regardless of the column) shall be written by maximum 5 Authors.
2.9. A template for writing studies, essays and feature articles that takes into account the requirements of the authors' guidelines can be downloaded here.
2.10. In case of studies and essays, an abstract shall be placed on the title page of the manuscript (800–1,000 characters) containing an overview of the main hypotheses, tools, methods and assertions of the paper. The abstract cannot contain abbreviations and references. In addition, below the summary the Journal of Economics Literature (JEL) codes (http://www.aeaweb.org/jel/jel_class_system.php) and keywords shall be also included.
Examples:
Journal of
Economic Literature (JEL) codes:
E44, E58, G21
Keywords: monetary policy, inflation targeting, Taylor rule
Feature articles shall have only a short (max. 800 characters) abstract, and neither JEL codes, nor keywords are required and they undergo a professional and editorial review process.
2.11. The Author’s occupation (possibly including position) shall be shown at the bottom of the title page, along with the Author’s affiliation (in case of several affiliations, they shall be separated with semicolons), e-mail address, information regarding the preparation of the article and any acknowledgments. All footers shall be set in italics, in font size 9.
First name Surname (ORCID ID): Name of the institution, Job title (For example: XY (https://orcid.org/xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx): Name of institution1, Job title1; Name of institution2, Job title2). Email: mail address
2.12. In case of studies, the expectation is to process and present the significant and relevant international literature and for Hungarian-related issues also Hungarian literature on the given topic. Scientific publications are also expected to follow a general logical structure. This not only makes the studies logical and understandable but also speeds up orientation. Most scientific publications follow the following structure: Introduction/Literature review, Methodology, Results, Discussion/Conclusion (IMRaD).
2.13. An essay can discuss the examined issue in an understandable, readable form, and which typically presents the problem either in general terms or focuses on some of its key features. An essay contains the Author's opinion and point of view expounded in a more pivotal way, it is more subjective, putting less emphasis on mathematical modelling of the problem, primary data collection, or data analysis based on deeper statistical / mathematical / econometric / time series analysis methods. Occasionally the review of the literature on the topic shall also be focused, not exhaustive.
2.14. To facilitate double-blind review, Authors shall submit two separate files to the Editors. One of the files shall be anonymised, prepared in a way that does not reveal the Author’s identity (e.g. name, address, place of work).
2.15. Self-references shall be limited to the minimum, with the source indicated in each case. Otherwise, the suspicion of plagiarism may arise during the process of double-blind reviewing. In addition, Authors shall avoid using the first-person singular whenever quoting his or her own work.
2.16. At the end of the article studies, essays and feature articles shall include a list of references, indicating the full name(s) of the Author(s) (first names shall be indicated by first initials), the year of publication, the exact title of the publication, name of publisher and place of publication. For works with seven or more authors, list the first six authors followed by ‘et al.’. In case of journal articles, the title of the journal shall be added with volume number, issue number (or month of publication) and page number (from–to). The names of the Authors are followed by the year of the publication, both set in normal fonts, the latter in brackets, followed by a colon. The exact title of the writings referred shall be in italics, all other text is normal. If DOI identifier is available for a reference, please include it in the Refences (DOI identifiers can be found at https://doi.crossref.org/simpleTextQuery). For online references without a DOI, date of download shall be also included. References shall be justified with no line breaks, 9pt font size with hanging indentation of 0.5 cm.
Examples:
References
Csortos, O. – Kóczián, B. (2017): An Analysis of the Incomes and Current Personal Transfers of Hungarians Living Abroad. Financial and Economic Review, 16(2): 5–27. http://doi.org/10.25201/FER.16.2.527
Fouquau, J. – Spieser, Ph. K. (2014): Statistical evidence about LIBOR manipulation: A “Sherlock Holmes’ investigation”. Journal of Banking & Finance, 50(January): 632–643. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbankfin.2014.03.039
Brown, T.B. – Mann, B. – Ryder, N. – Subbiah, M. – Kaplan, J. – Dhariwal, P. et al. (2020): Language Models are Few-Shot Learners. Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems, 33: 1877–1901. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2005.14165
Philippon, T. (2009): The Macroeconomics of Debt Overhang. Study presented at the IMF conference titled „10th Jacques Polak Annual Research Conference”, Washington, DC, 5–6 November. https://www.imf.org/external/np/res/seminars/2009/arc/pdf/Philippon.pdf. Downloaded: 10 December 2018.
Jakab, Z. – Kumhof, M. (2015): Banks are not intermediaries of loanable funds – and why this matters. Bank of England Working Papers, No. 529. http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2612050
Dewachter, H. – Iania, L. – Lemke, W. – Lyrio, M. (2018): A macro-financial analysis of the corporate bond market. ECB Working Paper Series, no. 2214. European Central Bank, december. https://www.ecb.europa.eu/pub/pdf/scpwps/ecb.wp2214.en.pdf?0ff29817724959f731ea3baba262d0d4. Downloaded: 4 February 2020.
Rekettye, G. – Liu, J. (2018): Pricing – The New Frontier. Transnational Press, London.
Kollarik, A. – Szalai, Z. (2017): A 2008–2009-es válság és az új nemzetközi gazdasági környezet. (The 2008–2009 crisis and the new international economic environment.) In: Lehmann, K. – Palotai, D. – Virág, B. (eds.): A magyar út – Célzott jegybanki politika. (The Hungarian way – Targeted central bank policy.) Magyar Nemzeti Bank, Budapest, pp. 27–71.
Kaldor, N. (1961): Capital Accumulation and Economic Growth. In: Lutz, F.A. – Hague, D.C. (eds.): The Theory of Capital. St. Martins Press, pp. 177–222.
2.17. References in the text can be limited to surname(s), years and page numbers. In case of direct quotations, the indication of page numbers is indispensable. References in the text shall be in italics; names and year of publication shall be separated by a space (no comma between name and year); page numbers shall be separated from the year of publication by a colon e.g. (Nagy 2008:34), (Fouquau – Spieser 2014). In case of more than two Authors only the name of the first Author plus the abbreviation “et alias” (and the others) shall be used as follows: (Szabó et al. 2012:4–6).
2.18. The References section may include only items referenced in the text (maybe in a footnote) and vice versa, all literature cited in the text shall be included in the References section.
2.19. In the References section Authors shall be listed in alphabetic order.
2.20. Articles shall be edited in Calibri font, 10.5 font size. Any highlighting shall be indicated in italics. Footnotes shall be written in Calibri font, 9pt size, justified. The source of the data referred to in the text must be indicated in a footnote, except in the case of figures and tables, see 2.25.
2.21. The logical structure of the writings should be divided into relatively few units, and too short subchapters shall be avoided.
2.22. Headings and sub-headings shall be numbered. The title of the article shall be 14pt, boldface, standing; followed in a new line by the name of Author(s) in 12pt, italic. Sub-heading level 1 is 12pt, standing, boldface, Sub-heading level 2 is 10.5pt, standing, boldface, Sub-heading level 3 is 10.5pt, italic.
2.23. First lines following the titles shall start by the left margin.
2.24. Tables and charts shall be numbered continuously throughout the entire article (numbering shall not be re-started in new sub-sections, sub-paragraphs, annexes or appendices). In-text references for tables and figures must be used in the proper places with brackets. Each table and figure shall have a title, and the units of measurement of the values contained shall be indicated. The title shall be justified, above the table or the figure. Tables shall be in MS Word in an editable format, figures must be edited in Excel. Figures that are not possible to draw in Excel and instead are made by other programs (e.g. Matlab, Stata, R) shall be inserted as jpeg or jpg files with proper resolution and image quality. Copied or scanned figures or tables will be rejected as their quality will not be acceptable for printing. Due to space limitations, the number of figures and tables in the article shall be limited to 7 or 8. Notes for tables and figures (explanations of signs) and source of data shall be placed under the table or figure in 9pt, italic, justified.
